فصلنامه سیاست خارجی

فصلنامه سیاست خارجی

سازمان ملل و ارتقای جایگاه امنیت انسانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران.
2 اﺳﺘﺎدﯾﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﻋﻠﻮم ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻞ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ: واﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻮم و ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺗﻬﺮان
3 دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران. (این مقاله مستخرج از رساله دکتری می باشد)
چکیده
 
امنیّت انسانی از ابتدای تشکیل سازمان ملل مورد توجه این سازمان بوده است. پس از تشکیل این سازمان و در دوره جنگ سرد و شکل­گیری نظام دو قطبی، امنیّت انسانی در حاشیه قرار گرفت و ایده امنیّت دولتی مطرح توسط مکتب واقع­گرایی، ایده غالب امنیّتی گشت. بعد از جنگ سرد و از بین رفتن نظام دوقطبی از یک سو و تغییر در ماهیت تهدیدات متوجه دولت­ها از سوی دیگر ایده امنیّت انسانی مجال بیشتری در سازمان ملل یافت. با این توضیحات، این پرسش مطرح است که سازمان ملل در راستای ارتقای امنیّت انسانی چه اقدامات عملی انجام داده است؟ فرضیه تحقیق این است که تلاش­های این سازمان برای ارتقای جایگاه امنیّت انسانی در اعلامیه جهانی حقوق بشر، معاهده ژنو درباره حمایت از غیرنظامیان در زمان جنگ، معاهده نسل­کشی اعلامیه حمایت از حقوق زنان و کودکان در زمان درگیری‌های مسلحانه، میثاق بین‌المللی حقوق اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی، میثاق بین‌المللی حقوق مدنی و سیاسی، کنوانسیون بین‌المللی رفع هرگونه تبعیض علیه زنان و اعلامیه داشتن حق توسعه و کنوانسیون منع شکنجه، اهداف توسعه هزاره، ایجاد کمیسیون امنیّت انسانی و ... متجلی شده است. روش تحقیق مقاله حاضر کیفی و مبتنی بر تحلیل توصیفی است. 
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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