One source of conflict between littoral states and developed countries in the framework of international law is the scientific research in maritime zones and in particular exclusive economic zone. The littoral states are well aware of the fact that they will not be able to utilize the resources of this zone unless they control the scientific research in these areas as well. Therefore, they were pro absolute-satisfaction regime while developed countries were supporting the freedom of shipping and scientific research in exclusive economic zone. This was extensively debated during negotiations for codification of 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea. Each of the parties was trying to have a role in writing the rules of this convention to meet their own interests. Therefore, this convention enshrined special rules for scientific research in maritime zones, including the exclusive economic zone. This article reviews those rules and principles and the course of its evolution.