Objective: The primary purpose of this research is to analyze the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in strengthening international scientific and technological collaborations. This study also seeks to identify key capabilities, examine the challenges ahead, and propose the necessary policy frameworks for leveraging this technology in the realm of science diplomacy.

Method: This applied research was conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach. Data were collected via a validated, structured questionnaire from a sample of 52 experts in the fields of artificial intelligence and science diplomacy. The data were analyzed using one-sample t-tests and the Friedman test.

Findings: The results indicate that the respondents' perspectives across the four main areas of the study (foreign policy, security and ethical challenges, economic opportunities, and international collaborations) are significantly positive (p<0.001). "International collaborations" achieved the highest level of agreement with a mean of 4.27. However, the Friedman test revealed a different order of priorities: "the impact of AI on foreign policy" was identified as the most critical factor (mean rank 1.74), while "international collaborations" was ranked as the least important (mean rank 3.06) by the experts.

Conclusion: This research confirms that experts perceive AI as a highly influential factor in science diplomacy. Despite AI's high potential for strengthening mutual collaborations, the primary focus of the experts is on the strategic implications of this technology for national foreign policy. These findings underscore the necessity of integrating the strategic dimensions of AI into foreign relations, developing ethical and security frameworks, and investing in the resulting economic opportunities.