Understanding the complexity of social interactions in which there is interdependence between the way of decision making and obtaining the goals among players is the base of the game theory. The game theory which begins with the basic concepts of rationality and benefit of the players employs metaphor, exemplification and model-making in construction of its theoretical base. In this theory, there is a certain framework for action and evaluation of the game which include determining the number of players, the expected utility for adopting any of available options and the type of information distribution among players. This theory employs quantitative methodology in international relations and has been utilized for analyzing security issues like alliances and qualitions, arms race and arms control, economic and environmental issues like trade policies and global warming and also in the area of diplomacy. This potential opens the way for utilizing the game theory for analysis of Iran’s nuclear issue.