The West Asian region is one of the most important international regions that has faced profound and widespread changes in recent decades. Given the increasing importance of culture in international relations and the impact of this component on countries, especially the effectiveness of the cultural elements of Iran and Turkey, the authors have raised this fundamental question within the framework of Joseph Nye's soft power theory and with a comparative approach: What is the impact of Iran's and Turkey's soft power on their foreign policy towards the Palestinian issue and what are its limitations? The main hypothesis of the research is that Iran's soft power is mainly manifested in the Palestinian resistance layer (such as supporting resistance groups through public diplomacy and cultural media), while Turkey's soft power is more focused on the diplomacy and economy layer (such as aid from the Cooperation and Aid Agency and trade exchanges), but both face limitations such as value-practical contradictions and challenges to public absorption. The comparison shows that Iran is more successful in attracting resistance layers (with an impact of 70% based on regional surveys), while Turkey is a leader in economic diplomacy but faces internal challenges such as suppressing protests. This research is based on a descriptive-analytical approach and uses qualitative research methods, and information was collected from documentary-library sources and reputable cyberspace websites.